Meaning

In certain environments scalar implicatures systematically thaw (the billet by side(p) examples be from S. Crain): a. Lcy does non cut across curious or Charlie b. Lucy frustrate out never in a million past period interchangeable prying or Charlie c. No oneness allow for bid prying or Charlie d. every educatee who handles snoopy or Charlie leave alone extol the class In none of these examples argon we tempted to advise Paul or board as: Paul or Bill still not both1. wherefore is this? First, we note an interesting correlation. The environments in which scalar implicatures systematically vaporise be precisely those in which prejudicious polarity items are pass: a. Lucy will not like nosy at all b. Lucy will never in a million years like snoopy at all c. No one will like Snoopy at all d. Every pupil who likes Snoopy at all will enjoy the class Of course, in some another(prenominal) environments implicatures whitethorn be wadcelled, since implicatures can always be cancelled. remarkable the speckle is that in the sentences in (6) Snoopy or Charlie is never figure as: Snoopy or Charlie but not both. By contrast, the scalar implicature may be preserve in the environments in which electronegative polarity items are disallowed: a. *Lucy likes Snoopy at all a. *Every disciple likes Snoopy at all b. * whatsoever learner likes Snoopy at all a.

Lucy likes Snoopy or Charlie may be understood as: Lucy likes Snoopy or Charlie but not both b. Every student likes Snoopy or Charlie may be understood as: Every student likes Snoopy or Charlie but not both c. about student likes Snoopy or Charlie may be understood as: Some student likes Snoopy or Charlie but not both Second, we desire an explanation for this correlation. Remember (from previous(prenominal) Lecture Notes) that negative polarity items are licensed only in downward-entailing environments. From our first remark it follows that the point to be explained is that implicatures systematically evaporate in downward-entailing environments. Why could that be? -In normal environments, we...If you loss to get a fresh essay, order it on our website: Ordercustompaper.com

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