Discuss Reliability and Validity of Diagnosis - 1012 Words

Discuss reliability and validity of diagnosis A reliable and valid diagnosis is one which is correctly reasoned from a satisfying premise and agreed upon by psychiatrists using the same diagnosis system. However, there are many factors that make the process of determining a diagnosis intricate. For one to obtain a reliable and valid diagnosis, one has to be sure that the classification systems themselves are valid and reliable. Because the concept of abnormality is so complex it is particularly difficult to define and this affects diagnosis. Also, there are a number of cultural and ethical considerations one must consider when making a diagnosis, some of these include culture-bound syndromes, culture blindness and racial/ethnic bias.†¦show more content†¦This makes it incredibly hard to determine whether the differences in diagnostics between different cultures is due to the environment or if there is real differences A third cultural consideration in diagnosis is culture blindness; this is the problem of identifying symptoms of a psychological disorder if they are not in the norm of the clinician’s own culture. There are also ethical considerations when diagnosing mental illness. One of these considerations was mentioned above; it is the idea of being stigmatized for having a mental illness. Many people are afraid that once they are given a diagnosis, society will look down on them as being inferior. Schell (1966) argued that once given a ‘label’ one will begin to act as they think they are supposed to, this is known as the self-fulfilling prophecy. This would lead to an increase of symptoms and hence, may lead to a misguided diagnosis. The concept of confirmation bias will also take issue when diagnosing a patient, the clinician may be lead to believe that because the patient is seeking help, he/she does infact need help In the late 1990’s GlaxoSmithKline claimed that they could cure shyness, in effect, 15% of children were diagnosed of social anxiety disorder. GlaxoSmithKline are now being sued for making this drug named Paxil. 4000 people who treated their kids with this noticed that it didn’t work and that their kids showed withdrawal symptoms. This goes to show that sometimes drugShow MoreRelatedQuestions And Multiple Choice Questions1632 Words   |  7 Pagesexamination only. Therefore, the purpose of this assignment can be divided into three parts. Firstly, the use of long essay format and MCQs in the specific conditions including the benefits and drawbacks of each will be discussed. Secondly, validity and reliability of MCQ exam will be tested. Finally, a case for using the oral examination will be presented in term of how to guarantee that the scoring is reliable. As for the first part, essay questions and MCQs can assess students’ knowledge regardingRead MorePsychopathology Diagnostic Classification Systems ( Dsm ) Or The International Classification Of Diseases ( Icd )1656 Words   |  7 Pagesthis paper will discuss the most important four main points that contribute to the subjective judgement of DSM and the limitations in validity, reliability and utility of DSM: subjectivity of DSM, medicalisation of psychiatric disorders, influence of pharmaceutical industry and cultural bias. A concern of the DSM is that all diagnostic criteria in DSM are based on symptoms that are largely subjective and descriptive as DSM does not provide lists of signs, as criteria for diagnosis (Johnstone, 2008)Read MoreShort Answer Questions on Assessments and Treatments of Mental Disorders1245 Words   |  5 Pagesclassification system such as the DSM-5 is judged by its reliability and validity. Define and discuss both reliability and validity and why they are important criteria for DSM-5. (312) When answering the question we first need to understand what reliability and validity means and why it is important to include them in the criteria to judge DSM-5. Reliability is the consistency of the assessment measurements throughout the test. Whereas validity is when the test actually measures what it is supposeRead MoreHow Personality Testing Is Used On A Daily Basis822 Words   |  4 Pagesassessments as the Thematic Apperception Test, Neuroticism, Extroversion, and Openness inventory and the Psychopathic Personality Inventory are instruments, which assist the psychologist in assessing an individual’s personality. The following paper will discuss each of these tests. Thematic Apperception Test Thematic Apperception Test (TAT) is a personality assessment instrument. Created in 1935 by Henry Murray and Christiana Morgan the purpose of the test is to reveal the participants emotions, drivesRead MoreTest Retest Reliability And Internal Consistency1450 Words   |  6 Pagesassess psychometric properties. A good test should be objective, so independent of the person being tested, reliable and valid as well as generalised and standardised. The author will discuss test-retest reliability, split-half reliability and internal consistency. For validity, content, face and construct validity. Psychometric tests can range from ability, intelligence and personality tests, that can be used in educational, occupational and neuropsychological contexts as discussed later on. Read MoreAnalysis Of Beck Depression Inventory, Second Edition ( Bdi II )1569 Words   |  7 PagesWhat evidence is provided for validity (e.g., how is the information presented, is it sufficient to make a decision whether or not to use, etc.)? When looking at the validity of this test we can see that content validity was developed to assess the depressive symptoms listed at the criteria for depressive disorder in the DSM-IV (Beck, et al., 1996). To test the construct validity there were several types of analysis. Specifically when looking at the convergent validity they found similar scores forRead MoreEssay On Community Based Wellness Program1659 Words   |  7 Pageseffectiveness of such programs with the PD population. Participants for this study were recruited from a Parkinson’s disease support group in the Upper Midwest. Purposive and convenience sampling was utilized, which involves selecting individuals who have a diagnosis of PD living in the community and who are willing to volunteer. Participants all signed informed consent forms prior to the administration of assessments and intervention, and completed a demographics form. Researchers collected data using anecdotalRead MoreEvaluation Of Screening For Bre ast Cancer1371 Words   |  6 PagesGGrones_Module 6_Initial Post 1. Choose one of the screenings listed in the USPSTF Guide to Clinical Preventative Services. Evaluate the screening using the following criteria: reliability, validity, sensitivity, specificity, and cost-benefit ratio. Discuss any ethical issues associated with this screening. In 2002, the U. S. Preventative Services Task Force (USPSTF, 2002, 2014) issued its’ recommendation statement regarding breast cancer screening for the general population. It looked at the efficacyRead MoreImplementing A Wellness Program For Health, Wellness, And Quality Of Life For People With Chronic Conditions Essay1431 Words   |  6 Pagescontrol group and uncontrolled variables, with potentially incorrect statistical analysis. However, as a result of the generally favorable results, Matuska et al. (2003) concludes a wellness program to improve QoL. Rimmer, Chen, Hsieh (2011) discuss the importance of understanding, evaluating, and managing secondary conditions in individuals with disabilities with a conceptual model associated with the International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health (ICF) model. Health professionalsRead MoreAnalyzing Sheet And Mark Appropriate1770 Words   |  8 Pagesless than 41, it indicates diagnosis of BN (Garner, 2004). This means that participants whose subscales were in elevated range were considered to be at risk for eating disorders (Garner, 2004). Reliability The authors determined test re-test reliability across two testing occasions with interval ranging from 1 to 7 days (Garner, 2004). The sample consisted of 34 female participants ranged in age from 15 to 55. The correlation coefficients for test re-test reliability were ranging from .93 and .98